Justification of rational parameters of machines for winter maintenance of motor roads in large cities

Abstract

Regulatory requirements for winter maintenance of urban street networks are formulated through the final condition of the pavement, through completion deadlines and the limiting thickness of the snow layer, while machine parameters in industry practice are selected by maximum technical productivity. The aim is to justify rational values of the principal parameters of combined road machines for a large city under simultaneous compliance with the deadlines of GOST R 50597-2017, the limiting thickness of loose snow and the spreading rate of deicing materials under ODM 218.6.021-2019. An author's calculation model of a 5.79 million m² street network with three groups of streets having different deadlines has been developed. The maximum of effective productivity falls at 41.3 km/h, yet single-pass clearing completeness reduces the rational speed to 35.7 km/h, and combining ploughing with spreading brings it to 27.7 km/h. A threshold intensity of 1.67 cm/h shifts the required fleet from the deadline-governed regime to the thickness-governed one, raising the requirement from 37 to 75 machines while the time norm stays unchanged. The rational hopper volume is capped at 10 m³ by the permissible gross mass of a three-axle chassis, and the rational parameter set follows from a joint solution.