Comparative analysis of interaction models between the client, contractor, and construction supervision service in the information format of as-built documentation during the transition from file storage to a common data environment

Abstract

In the context of the transition from local file storages to data management ecosystems in capital construction, the aim of the study was a comparative analysis of interaction models between the client, contractor, and construction supervision service in maintaining as-built documentation (AD) in file format and within a common data environment (CDE), as well as an assessment of their impact on labor intensity, communication quality, and project manageability. Based on monitoring twelve large investment and construction projects implemented between 2021 and 2023 with a total budget exceeding 45 billion rubles and an AD volume of more than 18 TB, two groups of projects were formed: six projects with traditional file storages and six utilizing domestic CDEs. The research materials included log files of document management systems, time tracking of engineering and technical personnel, and a dataset of more than 150,000 AD approval transactions processed using methods of mathematical statistics, queuing theory, regression and variance analysis (ANOVA), clustering, as well as BPMN modeling and NLP analysis of comment texts. It was established that during the transition to CDE, the average full-cycle approval time for an AD package decreases from 38.07 to 10.40 hours, while logistical delays and time expenditure dispersion are sharply reduced; the average number of iterations decreases from 3.42 to 1.68, the first-submission approval conversion rate increases from 18,45% to 54,23%, and versioning errors are virtually eliminated. It is shown that the coefficient of productive informational activity of construction supervision engineers increases from 0.35 to 0.78 due to the reallocation of time from service operations to direct expert verification, and the CDE implementation effect grows nonlinearly with increasing project scale and complexity: the process acceleration index for large-scale facilities exceeds 7. It is discussed that the transition to an object-oriented data architecture within CDE transforms the role of construction supervision toward analytics of digital traces, creates a foundation for implementing predictive analytics and smart contracts, and requires adaptation of regulatory frameworks and the development of lightweight scenarios for small-scale projects.