Research on methods for reducing costs in construction production based on the improvement of organizational and technological solutions in construction architecture

Abstract

Modern construction production under conditions of rising resource prices is characterized by a significant dependence of unit costs on architectural decisions that determine the organizational and technological parameters of facility erection at all stages of the life cycle. A comprehensive analysis of the interrelationships between the space-planning characteristics of buildings and indicators of resource intensity reveals key factors that enable substantial cost optimization without reducing architectural quality. The compactness of the space-planning solution, quantitatively assessed by the ratio of the area of external structures to the building volume, demonstrates a pronounced positive correlation with the specific cost of construction and installation works at the level of 0.78 and a coefficient of determination of 0.61. The transition from low to high values of the compactness coefficient is accompanied by a 30 percent increase in costs and a 30.7 percent increase in labor intensity. The degree of unification of structural elements, reflecting the repeatability of standard sizes, provides an inverse relationship with the cost of load-bearing structures, where an increase in the unification coefficient leads to a 24.3 percent reduction in specific costs, a 33.3 percent decrease in the duration of the above-ground cycle, and a 50 percent increase in productivity, as confirmed by Spearman’s rank correlation of –0.82. The regularity of the building’s planning structure, assessed on a scale, contributes to optimization of the flow organization of works, an increase in the coefficient of process combination to 0.72, and a reduction in deviations from normative deadlines, which decreases overhead costs by 37.2 percent between the extreme groups. A multifactor regression model that includes the indicated parameters explains 79 percent of the variation in specific cost with a mean approximation error of 6.3 percent, indicating a combined potential for cost reduction of 18–23 percent under comprehensive optimization. The choice of facade systems additionally influences overall project economics, with plaster solutions providing minimal specific costs compared to brick cladding, a difference that reaches 95 percent in cost and is accompanied by indirect effects on foundations. The integration of organizational and technological modeling into architectural design through information technologies and digital twins enables iterative assessment of the cost implications of decisions at early stages, facilitating the transition to concurrent design and minimization of deviations in actual cost. The identified quantitative patterns emphasize the necessity of coordinating architectural concepts with technological capabilities, thereby opening prospects for increasing the efficiency of the industry through the systematic consideration of resource constraints in design solutions.