Mathematical model of the process of compaction of asphalt concrete mixtures by rollers with metal rollers

Abstract

The process of compaction of asphalt concrete mixtures is a complex multifactorial interaction between the working bodies of the rollers and the coating material, which determines the qualitative characteristics of the roadway and its operational properties. Modern approaches to modeling this process are characterized by insufficient integration of energy principles with the mechanics of interaction of metal rollers and asphalt concrete mixture, which determines the urgency of developing a comprehensive mathematical model. As part of the research, a nonlinear dynamic model of the compaction process was developed, taking into account the viscoelastic properties of the asphalt concrete mixture, vibration compaction parameters and the energy characteristics of the roller-material interaction. The model is based on the principles of continuum mechanics and oscillation theory using harmonic balance methods for a multistep system. Experimental verification of the model was carried out on the basis of field density measurements and laboratory tests of asphalt concrete samples using a gyratory compactor. The results showed that the proposed model provides a prediction of the degree of compaction with a coefficient of determination $R2=0.92-0.96$ for various modes of operation of the rollers. It was found that the optimal vibration frequency exceeds the natural frequency of the system by 15- 22%, and the energy absorption efficiency reaches a maximum with an oscillation amplitude of 0,6-0,8 mm for type II mixtures. The practical significance of the model lies in the possibility of optimizing the sealing parameters at the design stage of the technological process, which makes it possible to improve the quality of the road surface and reduce energy consumption by 12-18%. The developed mathematical apparatus can be integrated into intelligent compaction systems to ensure automatic control of the asphalt concrete pavement construction process.