The use of BIM technologies in the design and construction of railway infrastructure: comprehensive analysis and efficiency assessment
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Abstract
This article presents a comprehensive study of the use of BIM technologies (Building Information Modeling) in the design and construction of railway infrastructure facilities that meet the requirements of modern rolling stock. The analysis of the effectiveness of the implementation of BIM modeling at all stages of the life cycle of railway facilities is carried out with a special focus on new infrastructure requirements for the operation of high-speed and heavy rolling stock. The study is based on data from 37 projects for the reconstruction and new construction of railway infrastructure in various regions of Russia for the period 2018-2023. The methodology includes a multifactorial analysis of economic efficiency, a comparative study of traditional and BIM-oriented design approaches, as well as an assessment of the compliance of constructed facilities with the requirements of modern rolling stock operation. The results demonstrate a 23-27% reduction in design time and a 12-18% reduction in construction costs when using BIM technologies. Key optimization factors were identified: early detection of collisions (98,3% before the start of construction), increased accuracy of estimates (the error was reduced from 15,2% to 3,7%), optimization of logistics processes (reduced downtime by 34%). A direct correlation has been established between the degree of detail of BIM models and the compliance of constructed facilities with the operational requirements of modern rolling stock (r=0.78, p<0.01). A classification of BIM elements for railway infrastructure facilities is proposed, taking into account the specifics of the «rolling stockinfrastructure» interaction. The practical significance of the research lies in the development of recommendations on the levels of detail of BIM models for various types of railway facilities and an algorithm for verifying design solutions for compliance with the requirements of modern rolling stock operation.
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References
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